Process and mechanism ecr making crinkled paper



April 26. 1921.

7 1,626,527 N. M. GOODLETT PROCESS AND MECHANISM FOR MAKING cnmxwn PAPER Filed 0220. 1918 IIIIIIIIIIIIIIII 7 3 My I 121.

WITNESS wewon Patented fApr. 1927,

UNITED STATES FATE- T. or FTICE,

'NIoHoLAs'M; eoonnnrr'r; on NEW YORK, N. Y.,' assienen 'ro'aairnnn sArErY BAG COMPANY, or new YORK, n. Y.,-.A ooaronri rroii ornnwyonx. v

drRocEss AND MECHANISM non MAKING onInKL n rarnn,

Application filed December 19, 1918. Serial Nd. 2623430.

I This invention relatesftoa new and improved process and'inechanism' for making necessary adherence of the paper to the erinkling cylinder has been attained -;by sinooth ingthe paperhile Wet against the crinkling cylin'derat a point on the cylinder remote from the doctor. In the region of the doctor and, particularly at :or immediately in advance of the operating edge o f the dootor there was nothing to press. or

hold the paper on the'cyli'nder and cause it to resist the stripping action of thedoctor. 'lheslight adhesion of the Wet paper to the cylinder, is: all that was relied upon to enable the doctor to do its work. is a result, in the heavierand stifier grades of paper there has been a lack of fineness and closecrinkledspots under, certain conditions, and.

particularly along the margins thereof. Thisxisespecially-true in papers adapted and designed for wrapping and packing purposes. In papers of this character, it

' has generally been found necessary to saturate the paper inorder to make it adhere to the crinkling cylinder to such a degree 'u ould enable the doctor to perform its ftunction. For this purpose it has been the practice to pass the paper through a vat ,or vats of water Which, .in so ne-cases, had to be kept at a high temperature. This,

- copious use of Water'acted to Weaken the paper by dissolving the; sizing and. untelting, to ,a certain degree, the fibres of the paper. Paper crinkled in this ay is quite wet after it passes from the, doctor and to extract the moisture the paper must. pass through an elaborate drying unitthatis' expensive to build and to Operate. Furthermore, in the processes and machines heretofore in use for crinkling paper,

I there has been-no reliable WQYOf regulating theidegree ot'jadherenee ot' the paper to the crinklmg cylmder. It was simply smoothed use the cylinder by a roll remote from the doctor andleft to adhere by theinoisture imparted to the paper, In making crinkled paper; for packing and'ivrapping purposes,

the chief advantage '1" thecrinkles in the paper is that they render the paper stretchable so that Whenthe paper is put'under' strain, it'stretchesrather, than breaks. The degree of stretchability required in the finished paper varies in accordance with the particular use to, which the paper is to be in the paper so that the custonierrequiring, say, thirty per cent of stretchability in the l put and, for reasons of economy, ltJS therev .i'ore important that some way be provided for regulatn'ig the amount of stretchabilit'y' a price that is higher because of the greater quantity of paper involved, Heretotore, the only feasible Way of regulating the stretch in the crinkle-d paper has been to stretch the crinkled paper While it is moist to reduce the crinkles and thereby reduce and to that extentregulate, the stretchaibility Jtthe final: pr-oduct.- There was no reliable Way of regulating the fineness, i

closeness or nuniberof crinkles as the same wereproduced by the doctor and-therefore no reliable Way of regulating the stretchability in the completed product, except by stretching, as stated.

I have discovered a newinethod of causingthe paper to adhere to or-rernain on the crinkling cylinder "to resist the st -ipping (action v oaths" doctor, abutment or other crinkle forming means in forming the crinkles, whereby the useofwater err-other adhesive agent applied to the paperto enable 'it-to adhere to the crinkling cylinder maybe avoided. Intlnslnew method, the

paperis held on the crinklingcylinder, or other supportlng surface for the paper, by

Vpressurefand particularly by fluid pressure. Many new results and atlvanttages thusarise in the 'crinkling of paper, In the firstplace, Water being unnecessary 111' th s new method to enable the paper to 'jadl'iere to the CilIL-m .kling cylinder or support, drier to eliminate Water troni the crinkled paper is not needed. This efiects a great economy in coal consumption heretofore i'i'ecessary to operate the drier. It also assures a more comfortable jand healthful rooin ten'iperature for the operators. It also saves much or all the space heretofore occupied by the drier which generally requires several times the space occupied by the rest of the machine. It also enables the machine to run at a much greater speed owing to the elimination of the slower running drier and to the general simplification of the machine. By this new method, it is possible to dispense with all agents to moisten the paper. Soft and thinner grades of paper, especially, may be crinkled dry in a satisfactory manner and duplex papers may be crinkled without moisture where the intervening cementitious material has been freshly applied or is in a softener. condition. But with heavier, stiffer and more brittle papers, a softening of the fibres by moisture is advisable to prevent them from being broken by the action of the doctor. Only such amount of moisture, if any, need be used as may be found desirable to soften the paper to assist its fibres to adjust themselves without breaking in response to the crinkling action of the doctor, and the expense of drying the crinkled paper may, therefore, be largely reduced or entirely eliminated.

Again, by the use of fiuid pressure, in accordance with this invention, widely varying degrees of pressure may be applied to the paper and such pressure may be distributed and regulated as desired and may be varied at will to produce many varieties of crinkling or creasing and to produce various degrees of stretchability in the paper. For example, the fineness, depth and closeness of the crinkles or creases, and their arrangement, may be regulated and designs of various appearance and other efiects may be produced in the crinkling.

he invention may be carried out by various forms of mechanism but that shown in the accompanying drawings is preferred.

In these drawings, which form part of this specification, and in which like reference numerals designate corresponding parts,

Fig. 1 is a side elevation, partly in central section, of a machine for carrying out the invention.

Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation of the perforated crinkling cylinder and its contained parts taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is an end elevation, partly in section, showing a modified form of machine for carrying out the invention.

Referring to the specific features of the machine shown in Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings, 1 is a cylinder having its surface provided throughout with perforations of suitable size, shape, relative arangement and number. Ordinarily perforations of onesixteenth to one-quarter; of an inch in diameter. more or less. and from about ten to thirty to the square inch, more or less will be sufiicient. The cylinder is mounted on a fixed tubular shaft 2. For this purpose the ends of the cylinder 8 and d are provided with extensions forming journals 6 and 5, respectively, which surround the shaft 2 outside the cylinder and turn in boxes 8 and 7 carried by the standards 10 and 9, respectively. The tubular shaft 2 is open to the interior of the cylinder through perforations 11. One end of the shaft 2 connects with a pipe 12 and the other end of the shaft is closed by a solid extension 13. let and 15 are brackets bolted to the standards 9 and 10, respectively, and having collars 16 and 17 through which the ends of the shaft extend and in which the shaft is made fast to prevent it from turning. A spline l8 and a set screw 19 are the means shown in the drawings for holding the shaft fixed in these respective brackets. 20 is a gear fixed on the journal 6 and meshing with a gear 21 for driving the cylinder from any convenient source of power.

Inside the cylinder and surrounding the shaft 2 is a closely fitting tube 22 having a neck 23 forming part of a box 24; of which the outer side toward the periphery of the cylinder is omitted. This box is closed at its ends 25 and :26 and the outer edge of the box fits closely against the inner surface of the periphery of the cylinder. For this purpose, the outer edge of the box is provided with a yielding lip 2'7 consisting of rubber, felt or other suitable packing designed to provide a substantially air tight fit against the inner surface of the cylinder. In order to hold the box in stationary position on the shaft 2, the tube .22 is provided with set screws 28 and 29, or other suitable means, which pass through the tube and against the shaft 2. By means of these screws the box may be adjusted circumferentially on the shaft 2 and to adjust the box with reference to the working edge of the doctor The perforations 11 in the shaft 2 register with the neck 23 of the box so that the shaft 2 and its connecting pipe 12 communicate with the interior of the box The pipe 12 connects with an air pump 30 operated by an electric motor 31. A controller 32 controls the speed of the motor and therefore the speed of the pump.

Associated with the cylinder is a doctor 33. It is provided with two arms, such as the arm 34, slidably mounted by means of set screws 56 on collars rotatably mounted on a cross rod 35. This arrangement permits the doctor to be moved to and from the cylinder and to be adjusted circumferentially on the cylinder. 36 is a bent iron presser bar which passes beneath and against the rod 35 and has one end bearing upon the doctor and the other end upon the adjustable support 37. By means of this bar, the

lit)

pressure of the doctor against the crinkling cylinder 1. may be varied. 7

38 is a tank in which turns a dampening roll 39. This roll, is in contact with two dampening rolls .40 and 41. which bear against the paper 44; on the crinkling cylinder and serve to dampen the paper on this cylinder. iQfiIlCllS are two, adjustable rubber rolls desigi ied to bear against the paper onthe cylinder. 7' ble function of squeezing surplus moisture,

if any, out of the paper and also of pressing the wet or damp paper'in close, smooth adherenceto andagainst the cylinder. But a moistening means is not always essential to this invention 'and inay be dispensed with as H conditions indicate.

In theoperation of the mechanism, as

shown in the drawings,the paper 44:, taken froina roll 45, )assesover the guide roll 46 andthence aroundthe crinklingcylinder 1.

. It is'dampened by dampening rolls 39,

ands-,1, pressed in close adherence to the cylinder 1 by the pressure rolls andAZ-S and is carried by the cylinder-against the doctor, abutment or stripper which provides the box 24 and the doctor. ;,lh-is relative pocrinkle or crease forming means acting to strip the paper from; the" cylinder and form crinkles therein. Such crinkle forming means may be variously constructed and arranged but is preferably stationary. 47 is the crinkled paperas it comes from the doc: tor. After the paper has been crinkled, it may be dried any convenient manner if its condition then requires it. v

1 According to the arrangement shown in Figs. 1 and 2 ofthe drawings, pressure is applied to hold the paper on the cylinder by sufficiently reducing the air pressure insidethe box 2% by means of the exhaust pump 31. This reduces the pressure of the air inside the cylinder in the region of the doctor and,-because of the perforations in the cyl-,

inder, exhausts for reduces the air pressure on the under surface. of the paper and gives an excess pressure of the atmosphere on the outer surface of the paper. The paper is thus held on the cylinderby a posit ve pressure on its outer surface at and in'iniediately in advance of the operating edge of the doctor, and this pressure enablesthe paper to offer a positive resistance tov the; stripping action of the doctor. The pressure on the paper may be applied up to the very edge of 'thedoctor'or up to a varying distance therefrom according to, the relative position of sitioni naybe varied either by shifting the box on the shaft 2 or by shifting the doctor on the cylinder as provided for by the set screwshfi that engage the arms 34 of the doctor. Furthermore, the pressure on the paper may be readily varied or regulated, as desired, as' by varying or regulating the speedof the exhaust pump, 31 orits suction.

hese rolls have the dou-' As a result. the crinklesformed the paper may be made fineiy'sharper, closer together and more numerous than it has been possible to attain heretofore, and new effects inthe character and appearance of the crinkling or creasing of the paper maybe produced as wellas varying'the degrees of stretchability of such crinkles or creases. These effects maybe regulated .orvaried, as desired, and

the effects may be controlled by selecting the proper size anddispositionof the perform. tions in the cylinder 1.. In other words,

'these various. effects maybe produced the paper asflthe same is delivered fromthe doctor. I

'IhWllljfllSO be seenthat in accordance with this invention, by maintaining'a uniform degree of vacuum within the box24s, the roll of paper under treatment on the crinkling cylinder maybe held with substantially the same degree of adherence throughout its length and breadth, resulting I obviates.

While it is preferable in carrying out this process to exhaust air from the interior of a c perforated crlnkling cylinder, and-over a r estricted area thereof in theregion of and immediately inadvance'of or at the doctor, thereby depending upon atmospheric pressure against the outer surface of the paper to hold it with the required degree of pressure to the crinkling cylinder, the invention is. not restricted to the employmentfof atmospheric pressurefor such .iurposebut content,

platesthe employment of any suitable means by which pressure may be exerted against down on the cylinderat or immediately in advance of the operating edge of the doctor, v abutment; or other cr nkle-forming means.

For example, steam pressure may be applied the outer siirface'of the paper to holdit to the outer surface of the paper in advance of the doctor, the steam being supplied'to a suitable chamber held g: closely against the outer surface, of the crinkling cylinder. Again, air under pressure maybeapplied to the outersurface or thepaperin a similar way to secure the desired adherence of the paper to the cylinder. VVherej the fluid pres sure is applied to the outer sideofthe paper the cylinder Will not,of course, require to be perforated. If steam is used as thus indicated it may serve to moisten the paper in addition to its other function.

An arrangement for applying fluid pressure to the outer surface of the paper on an imperforate crinkling cylinder is shown in Fig. 3. As there shown, a8 is the crinkling cylinder and 49 is the doctor. 50 and 51 are the dampening rolls for wetting the paper on the cylinder. 52 is a fluidpressure box having a concave open side to fit over the surface of the cylinder and arranged to be held securely in position. The ends of the box should extend beyond the edges of the paper and there contact with the surface of the cylinder and may be provided with packing 53 to make an air-tight fit or one that is sufliciently close. The side edges of the box may be closed by rollers ail and 55, preferably of metal and arranged to bear against thepaper and make an air-tight [it or one that is sufficiently close. The box should be located as close as possible to the doctor when it desired to apply holding pressure on the paper as close to the working edge of the doctor as possible. As shown in Fig. 3, roller Set is just sufficiently spaced from the doctor to allow room for the paper to pass between them, and the roller itself applies holding pressure on the paper immediately in advance of the doctor's edge or the surface of the roller may be slightly spaced from the paper to permit a current of air or steam to pass under the roller to apply holding prt "-ure to the paper up to the edge of the doctor. The arrows show the direction of the fluid pressure. The doctor 4:9 is designed to he adjustable in the same way as the doctor 33 in Fig. l, and the box is also designed to be adjustable circinnferentially on the cylinder. Thus, the pressure on the paper may be applied up to the very edge of the doctor or up to a short distance therefrom. The invention is not limited to any particular means for applying the desired pressure to the paper but includes and contemplates any means useful for the purpose described. The fluid pressure for holding the paper on the crinkling cylinder may be accomplished by means of a fluid pressure chamber of the exhaust type wherein is maintained a pressure less than atmospheric pressure, or it may be accomplished by means of a tiuid pressure chamber of the excess pressure type wherein is maintained a pressure in excess of the atmosphere. Furthermore, such fluid pressure chamber may be located either within or without the crinkling cylinder. The invention is not restricted to variations in the character or location of the fluid pressure chamber.

In connection with Fig. 1, it will be seen that the upper side of the box 24 extends slightly beyond the operating edge of the doctor. As a resulto'f this arrangement fluid pressure is applied to hold the paper on the cylinder immediately in advance of the ed 'e of the doctor and even at its very edge. The doctor, therefore, has at its edge a positive pressure on the paper to overcome in its operation to strip off the paper and crinkle it.

This invention is not restricted in all of its aspects to the use of fluid pressure to positively hold the paper on the crinkling cylinder, or other support for the paper, to resistthe action of the doctor. Other means may be employed for this purpose, that will achieve, at least, some of the results set out in the foregoing such, for example, as the roll in Fig.

This invention may be advantageously used in crinkling papers of any Weight or character from the thinnest to the heaviest and Whether the paper is waxed or otherwise coated or is of single or more thicknesses. Furthermore, the invention may be applied not. only to finished paper, as a converting process of such paper, but it may be applied to the unfinished web in a paper making machine with advantageous results. And while the invention is especially useful in operating upon paper, it may be used to operate upon fabrics or sheets of various materials. Almost any sheet material that suiiiciently pliable may be crinkled or creased or operated upon, owing to the very ccnsideiubie pressure that may be applied thereto and the facility of regulating such pressure. 7

While 1 have shown and described the invention in the preferred manner of carrying it out, it will be understood that various modifications may be made therein without departing from the scope of the invention.

What I claim is:

l. ln an apparatus for making crinkled paper, a supporting surface for the paper and crinkle forming means to strip the paper from said surface and thereby crinkle it, in combination with means for applying pressure to the paper immediately in advance of said crinkle forming means to limit the stripping action thereof.

in an apparatus for making crinkled paper, a supporting surface for the paper and crinkle forming means to strip the paper from said surface and thereby crinkle it, in combination with means for applying pressure to the paper immediately in advance of said crinkle for-min means to limit the stripping action thereof, said means and said crinkle forming means being adjustable relative to each other so as to regulate the distance from the edge of the crinkle forming means at which such pressure is applied.

3. In an apparatus for making crinkled paper, a supporting surface for the paper and crinkle forming means to strip the paper from said surface and thereby crinkle it, in

I combination with means for applying pressure in varying degrees to the paper immedlately 1n advance of Bald crinkle forming means to limit the stripping RCtlOl'l. thereof.-

j a. In an apparatus for making crinkled paper, a supporting surface for the paper and crinkle forming means llO SllIlP the paper from 531d surface and ther'eby crlnkle 1t,'1n

combination with means, for applying pressure to'the paper immediately in advance of said crinkle forming means tolimit the stripping actionthereof, and means to regulate said pressure. I

v5. In an apparatus for -making crinkled paper, a supporting surface for the paper and crinkle forming means to strip the paper from said surface and thereby crinkle 1t, in

combination with means acting immediately in advance of said crinkle forming means to limit the stripping action thereof.

" 6 In an'apparatus for making crinkled paper, a supporting surface'for the paper and crinkle forming means to strip the paper from said surface and thereby crinkle it, in combination with means acting .lmmedlately I in advance of said crinkle forming means to I from said cylinder and thereby crinkle it, inif paperqa rotating cylinder for the paper-and P crinkle forming means to strip the paper 50 ,means at which such pressure is applied.

limit the stripping action thereof, said means and said crinkle forming means being relas tively adpistableto and from each other.

'7]. In an apparatus for making crinkled paper, a rotating cylinder for. the paper and crinkle forming means to strip the paper.

from said cylinder and therebycrinkle it, in

combination \vith'mea'ns-for applying pressure to the paper immediately in advance of said crinkle forming means to limit the stripping'action thereof. I

' 8. In an apparatus paper, a rotating cylinderfor the paper and crinkle forming means to strip the paper from said c y' linder and thereby crinkle it, in combination with means for'applying pressure to the paper immediately advance of .a1dcrinkle forming means to limit the stripping action thereofpsaidmeans and said crinkle forming means being adjustable relative to each other so as 'to'regulate the distance from the edge of 'thecrinkle forming 9 In an apparatus for making crinkled paper, a rotating cylinder for the paper and crinkle fornnngmeans to strip the paper combinationWith means for applying pressure to the paper immediately in advance of said crinkle forming means to limit the stripping action thereof, and means to regulate said pressure.

10; In an apparatus for making crinkled from said cylinder and thereby crinkle it, in

I (combination with means for a pplying pressure tortheipaper immediately in advance 0 said crinkle forming means to l mit the strlpfor making crinkled ping action thereof, said means and said" crinkle forming means bemgad ustable relative to each other so to regulate the distance from the edge of the crinkle forming means at'which such pressureis applied, and

means to regulate said pressure. r

'11. In an apparatus for making crinkled paper, a supportlng, surface for the paper and crinkle forming meansto strip the paper from the surface and thereby crinkle it,-1n-

combination With means for causing the paper. to adhere to said surface by fluid pressure.

" 12. In an apparatus for making crinkled and crinkle forming means to strip the paper j from the surface and thereby rinkle it, in combination with means for causing the paper to adhere to said surface by fluid pres- I sure, the areaof pressure and said crinkle forming means being relativelyadp stable to and from each other.

x 14. "In an apparatus for making crinkled paper, a supporting, surface. for the paper and crinkle forming means to strip the paper fromthe surface and thereby crinkle 1t, in

combination with 'means for causing the;

paper to adhere to said surface by fluid pressure, sure. Y r s 15. In an apparatus for making crinkled paper, a rotating cylinder for the paper and crinkle forming means to strip" the paper from thecylinder and thereby crinkle it, in combination with means for causing the paper to. adhere pressures, Y

16. In an apparatus for making crinkled paper, a rotating cylinder for the paper and crinkle forming" means to strip the paper from the cylinder and thereby crinkle it, in combination With means 'for. causing the paper to adhere to said cylinder by fluid pressure, and means to moisten thepaper.

' 17 In an apparatus for making crinkled paper, a supporting surface for the paper and crinkle forming means to strip the paper from theasurface and thereby cr nkle 1t, 1n 'comblnatlon With means for causing and meansto regulate said fluid presto said cylinder by fluid the paper to adhere to said surface by fluid I pressure over a restrictedarea'of said surface. I p 18. In an apparatus for making crinkled paper, a rotating cylinder 'for the paper and crinkle forming'means to strip the paper I from the cylinder and thereby crinkle'it, in f combination With means .forcausing the paper to adhereto the cylinder-by fluid pressure over a restricted area of said surface.

19. In an apparatus of the character described, a perforated supporting surface for the sheet to be operatedupon in combination with crinkle forming means to strip the sheet from said surface and thereby form crinkles or crea: s in the sheet, and means for reducing the air pressure on the underside of said surface.

20. In an apparatus for making crinkled paper, a perforated supporting surface for the paper in com 'ination with means for reducing the air pressure on the underside of said surface, and crinkle forming means to strip the paper from said surface and thereby crinkle it.

21. In an apparatus of tie character described, a rotating suction cylinder to support the sheet to be operated u eon combined with crinkle forming means to strip the sheet from said cylinder and thereby form erinkles or creases in the sheet.

22. In an apparatus for making crinkled paper, a rotating cylinder having a perforated suppor ing' surface for the paper in combination with crinkle forming means to strip the paper from said surface and there by crinkle it, and means for causing the paper to adhere to said cylinder by fluid pressure.

23. In an apparatus for making crinkled paper, a rotating cylinder having a perforated supporting surface for the paper in combination with means for reducing the air pressure on the underside of said surface, and crinkle forming means to strip the paper from said surface and thereby crinkle it.

24. In an apparatus for making crinkled paper, a rotating cylinder having a perforated supporting surface for the paper in combination with means for reducing the air pressure over a restricted area of the underside of said surface, and crinkle forming means to strip the paper from said surface and thereby crinkle it.

25. In an apparatus for making crinkled paper, a perforated supporting surface for the paper in combination with means for variably reducing the air pressure on the underside of said surface, and crinkle forming means to strip the paper from said surface and thereby crinkle it.

26. In an apparatus for making crinkled paper, a rotating cylinder having a perforated supporting surface for the paper in combination with means for variably reducing the air pressure over a restricted area of the under ide of said surface, and crinkle forming means to strip the paper from said surface and thereby crinkle it.

27. In an apparatus for making crinkled paper, a rotating cylinder having a perforated supporting surface for the paper in combination with means for variably reducing the air pressure over a restricted area of the underside of said surface, and crinkle forming means to strip the paper from said surface and thereby crinkle it.

28. In an apparatus for making crinkled paper, a rotating cylinder having a perforated supporting surface for the paper in -L'G11'lbll1ttil01] with crinkle forming means an exhaust pipe communicating with the interior of said cylinder and an exhaust pump associated with said pipe.

29. In an apparatus for making crinkled paper, a rotating cylinder having a perforated supporting' surface for the paper in combination with crinkle forming means an exhaust pipe communicating with the interior of said cylinder and an exhaust pump associated with said pipe, and means to vary the power of said pump.

30. In an apparatus for making crinkled paper, a rotating cylinder having a perforated supporting surface for the paper in combination with crinkle forming means an exhaust pipe communicating with a restricted area of the underside of said surface, and an exhaust pump associated with said pipe.

31. In an apparatus for making crinkled paper, a rotating cylinder having a perforated supporting surface for the paper in combination with crinkle forming means an exhaust pipe communicating with a restricted area of the underside of said surface, and an exhaust pump associated with said pipe, and means to vary the power of said pump.

32. In an apparatus for making crinkled paper, a rotating cylinder having a perforated supporting surface for the paper in con'ibination with means for reducing the air pressure on the underside of said surface, crinkle forming means to strip the paper from said surface and thereby crinkle it, and means to moisten the paper.

33. In an apparatus for making cr nkled paper, rotating cylinder having a perforated supporting surface for the paper in combination with means for reducing the air pressure over a restricted area of the underside of said surface, crinkle forming means to strip the paper from said surface and thereby crinkle it, and means to moisten the paper.

3th In an apparatus for making crinkled paper, a rotating cylinder having a perforated supporting surface for the paper in combination with crinkle forming means a chamber located inside said cylinder and fitting over a restricted area thereof, a tubular shaft for the cylinder communicating with said chamber. and exhaust means associated with said shaft to exhaust air from the chamber.

35. In an apijmratus for making crinkled paper, a rotating cylinder having a perforated supporting surface for the paper in combination with crinkle forming means a circumferentially adjustable chamber lo cated inside said cylinder andzfitting over a restricted area thereof, and exhaust means 'connnunicatmg with said chamber;

36. In an appa atus for i'i iaking crinkled paper, a. rotating cylinder having a perforated supporting surface for the paper in combination 'With crinkle forming means'a circumferentially adjust-able chamber located inside said cylinder and htting over v a. restricted area thereof, a tubular shaft for the cylinder conm'iunicating with said chamber, exhaust means associated with said shaft to exhaust air froin the chamber, and

provisions to regulate said exhaust means.

37. In an apparatuspfor making crinkled paper, adrotatiiig cylinder having a perfov I crinkle it.

rated supporting surface for the paper in combination with a chamber locatedinside said cylinder and fitting over a restricted area thereofya tubular der'coininunicating with said chamber, exhaust means associated with saidshaft to exhaust air from thecha-niber, and a cir" cun'iferentially adjustable abutment to strip the paper from the cylinder and thereby 38;. i The processof making a crinkledsheet which consists in causing the sheet to adhere to a supporting surface by fluid pressure and stripping the sheet from said supporting surface by a suitable crinkle forniing means.

'39. The process of making crinkled paper which consiss in causing paper to adhere to the surface of a rotatingcylinder by iuid pressure and stripping the paper from said cylinder by a suitable stationary crinkle forming means. r

' wdfl'lhe" process of making crinkledpaper having varying degrees of stretchability which consists in causing paper to adhere to a supporting surface by varying degrees of fluid ressure and stripping ,the paper froiu' said"supporting surface by a suitable crinkle forming means.

41. The process of niaking crinkled paper which consists in causing paper to adhere o a supporting surface by fluid pressure regulated in accordance with the character of cril'ikhng desired in the finished product and stripping the paper fromszii'clsripporting surface by a' suitablefcriinkle forming lll 921115.

-12. The process of making'crinkled paper which consi'stsFin depositing paper upon a perforatedsupporting,surface, reducing the air pressure on the underside of said surface and strippingthe paper from said surface by a suitable crinkle forming means.

The process ofinaking crinkled paper which consists n depositing/paper upon a perforating supporting surface; reducing the air pressure on the underside of said surface shaft for the cylinv proportioned to the degree ofstretchability desired in the finished product and stripping the paperfron'i said surface crinkle forming means Wh t.

by a suitable to thesurfacc of a rotating cylinder by fluid pressure regulated in accordancewith the Chi racler of crinkling desired in the finished product and stripping the paper from said cylinder by a suitable stationary abutment.

i5; 'llheprocess of making cinkled paper which confi sts in depositing paper upon a perforated; supporting surface, reducing the air pressure over a restricted area on the .'l"h'e process of iiiaking crinkled paper Much consists in czusing paper toadhere underside of said surface and strippingdhe lniperfrom said surface by a suitable crinkle forming means.-

I The process which consists in depositingpaper upon a of making crinkled paper perf rated. supporting surface, reducing the air pressure over a, restricted area on'the underside of said surface, said airn'ess'ure lz-eing regulated in accordance with the char acter "of crinl-zhng desired in the. finished product and stripping the paper from-said surface by asuitable crinkle forming means.

The process of making crinkled paper which consists in depositing paper on a 'sup-' porting 8111111065 stripping the paper from said surface by a suitable crinkle forming means, and applying pressure to thepaper immediately in advance of said crinkle formingmeans to limit the stripping action thereof. 4 r

said cylinder-by a suitable" crinkle formmg means,"and 'applyingpressure to the paper immediately in ad ance of said crinkle 418. The process of making crinkled paper v which consistsin depositing pa per-on are ta-ting cylinderystrippmg the paper from foriningmea'ns to limit thestripping action thereof.

49. The process of making crinkled paper which consistsin depositing paper on a reta-t-ing cylinder, strippingv the paper from said cylinder by a suitable crinkle forming means, and applying fluid'pressure to the I paper ,in'imediately In advance of said crinkleforming means to limit the strip ping action thereof. a p

50. Paper creping apparatus comprising a supporting surface to which the paper is adapted to adhere. and equipped with means for causing close adherence of the paper thereto by suction, and crinkle fori'i'iing forming means having a construction and relative ar "angement for crinkling the paper web.

52. The herein described method of crinkling paper which consists in holding paper to a crinkling drum by air suction exerted upon a predetermined area of said drum, and in adjusting a clearer member associated with such drum with reference to such suc tion area to produce variable crinkling in the paper.

53. In an apl'iaratus for making crinkled paper, means forwetting the paper, a supporting surface for the wet paper and crinkle forming means to strip the wet paper from said surface and thereby crinkle it, in combination with means for applying pressure to the paper immediately in advance of the operating edge of said crinkle forming means to limit the stripping action thereof.

5-l. In an apparatus for making crinkled paper, means for wetting the paper. a suppoifting surface for the wet paper and crinkle forming means to strip the wet paper from said surface and thereby crinkle it, in combination with means acting immediately in advance of the abutment to limit the strip ping action thereof.

55. In an apparatus for making crinkled paper, means for wetting the paper, a rotating cylinder for the wet paper and crinkle forming means to strip the wet paper from said cylinder and thereby crinkle it, in combination with means for applying pressure to the paper immediately in advance of the operating edge of said crinkle forming means to limit the st ipping a'ction thereof, and means to regulate said pressure.

The process of making crinkled paper which consists in depositing wet paper on a supporting surface, stripping the Wet paper from said surface by a suitable crinkle forming means, and applying pressure to the paper immediately in advance of said crinkle forming means to limitthe stripping action thereof.

57. The process of making crinkled paper which consists in depositing wet paper on a rotating cylinder, stripping the wet paper from said cylinder by a suitable crinkle forming means, and applying pressure to the paper in'm'iediately in advance of said abutment to limit the stripping action thereof.

58. The process of making crinkled paper in the web which consists in leading a web of paper from a supply roll, suitably wetting the paper and depositing it upon a supporting surface, stripping the wet paper from said surface by a suitable crinkle forming means, and applying pressure to the paper immediately in advance of said crinkle forming means to limit the stripping action thereof.

In an apparatus for making crinkled paper in the web, a supporting surface for the paper and a crinkle forming means to strip the paper from said surface and tl'lQlT by crinkle it, in cmnbination with means for applying pressure to the paper in'nnediately in advance of said crinkle forming means to limit the stripping a'ction thereof, said means and said crinkle forming means being adjustal'ile relative'to each other so as to regulate the distance from the edge of the crinkle-forming means at which such pressure applied.

(it). In an appa 'i'tus for making crinkled paper, a supporting surface for the paper, means for causing adherence of the paper to such supporting surface whereby it is caused to more the paper thereon forward and an abutment to strip the paper from said surface and thereby crinkle it, in combination with means for applying fluid pressure to the paper immediately in advance of the operating edge of said abutment.

(ii. In an apparatus for making crinkled paper, a supporting surface for the paper, means for causing adherence of the paper to such supporting surface whereby it is caused to move the paper thereon forward and an abutment to strip the paper from said surface and thereby crinkle it, in combination with means acting immediately in advance of the abutment to limit the stripping action thereof.

62. The process of making crinkled paper which consists in depositing paper on a supporting surface, conditioning the paper to cause it to adhere to such supporting surface, stripping the paper from said surface by a suitable abutment, and applying fluid pressure to the paper immediately in advance of said abutment.

68. The process of making crinkled paper which consists in depositing paper on a lo tating cylinder and stripping the paper from said cylinder by a suitable abutment, and sucking the air from between the paper and cylinder.

This specification signed this 17th day of December, 1918.

NICHOLAS M. GOODLE T. 

